ASTM D5313-2004 在潮湿和干燥条件下评价侵蚀控制岩石耐久性的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforEvaluationofDurabilityofRockforErosionControlUnderWettingandDryingConditions
【原文标准名称】:在潮湿和干燥条件下评价侵蚀控制岩石耐久性的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD5313-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.17
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:岩石;稳定性;土壤普查;试验
【英文主题词】:armorstone;breakwaterstone;climaticsetting;erosioncontrol;gabion-fill;laboratorytesting;riprap;rock;rockmaterialproperties;wetting-drying
【摘要】:Rockusedforerosioncontrolmayconsistofseveraltypes,dependingonpotentialuse.Onetypemaybearmorstoneweighingfromonetothreetonsorbreakwaterstoneweighingthreetotwentytonsplacedalongshorelinesorinjettiestoprotecttheshorelinefromerosionduetotheactionoflargewaves.Anothertypemayberiprapusuallyweighinglessthanatonandplacedalongriverbanksorontheslopesofdamstopreventerosionduetorun-off,waveactionorstream-flow.Athirdtypemaybegabion-fillweighinglessthan22kg(50lb)andplacedinbasketsofwireorothersuitablematerial.Thesebasketsarethentiedtogethertoformanintegralstructuredesignedtoresisterosionalongstreambanksandaroundbridgepiers.Nomatterwhatformittakes,rockforerosioncontrolconsistsofindividualpiecesofnaturalstone.Theabilityoftheseindividualpiecesofstonetoresistdeteriorationduetoweatheringactionaffectsthestabilityoftheintegralplacementofrockforerosioncontrolandhence,thestabilityofconstructionprojects,shorelines,andstreambanks.Thistestmethodisdesignedtodeterminetheeffectsontheindividualpiecesofrockforerosioncontrolofwettinganddryingactionandtheresistanceoftherocktodeterioration.ThistestmethodwasdevelopedtobeusedinconjunctionwithadditionaltestmethodslistedinPracticeD4992.Thistestmethoddoesnotprovideanabsolutevaluebutratheranindicationoftheresistancetowettinganddrying;therefore,theresultsofthistestmethodarenottobeusedasthesolebasisforthedeterminationofrockdurability.Note18212;Thequalityoftheresultproducedbythisstandardisdependantuponthecompetenceofthepersonnelperformingit,andthesuitabilityoftheequipmentandfacilitiesused.AgenciesthatmeetthecriteriaofPracticeD3740aregenerallyconsideredcapableofcompetentandobjectivetestingandsampling.UsersofthisstandardarecautionedthatcompliancewithPracticeD3740doesnotinitselfassurereliableresults.Reliableresultsdependonmanyfactors;PracticeD3740providesameansofevaluationsomeofthosefactors.1.1Thistestmethodcoversproceduresforevaluatingthedurabilityofrockforerosioncontrolwhenexposedtowettinganddryingconditions.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:3P.;A4
【正文语种】:


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【英文标准名称】:TestMethodforDuctilityTestingofMetallicFoil
【原文标准名称】:金属箔延展性测试的试验方法
【标准号】:ANSI/ASTME796-1994
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1994
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:金属;箔;试验
【英文主题词】:testing;foil;metals
【摘要】:Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofductility,thatis,theabilitytoundergoplasticdeformationintensionorbendingbeforefracturing,ofmetallicfoilinthicknessesupthrough0.150mm(0.0059in.).ValuesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Inch-poundunitsareprovidedforinformationonly.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:H23
【国际标准分类号】:77_040_10
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforEstimatingtheMaximumUseTemperatureofThermalInsulations
【原文标准名称】:估计隔热材料的最高使用温度的标准实施规范
【标准号】:ASTMC447-2003(2010)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C16.31
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:表面热性能;最大使用温度;隔热;块和保温板;管道热绝缘;浸湿测试;绝热材料
【英文主题词】:hotsurfaceperformance;maximumusetemperature;thermalinsulation;Blockandboardthermalinsulation;Pipethermalinsulation;Soaktesting;Thermalinsulatingmaterials
【摘要】:Thispracticeisintendedforuseasaguideinevaluatingthebehaviorofinsulationsatelevatedtemperatures,andinjudgingsuitabilityforuseundertheconditionsofanintendedapplication.Itisnotintendedforacceptanceorcertificationtestingonalotbasis.Nosingletestforestimatingmaximumusetemperaturecanbeusedthatwillapplytoalltypesofinsulations,norcananysinglemaximumusetemperaturebeappliedtoanyinsulationthatwillbeapplicableunderallpossibleconditionsofuse.Maximumusetemperaturemaydependonthickness,temperaturegradient,heatingrate,andotherfactors.Whenthevarioustestmethodslistedhereinareemployed,thetestresultsserveasguidesand,assuch,mustbeappliedwithgoodengineeringjudgmentinarrivingatanacceptabletemperaturelimitfortheproductsandapplicationsbeingconsidered.Thecriteriausedtoestablishacceptableperformanceisprovidedinthematerialspecificationorasagreeduponbetweenthepurchaserandseller.Inmostcases,thepropertiescoveredbytheapplicablematerialstandards(forexample,thermaltransmission,strength,etc.)arethepropertiesimportanttotheenduseoftheproduct.Majorchangesinthosepropertiesresultingfromin-serviceconditionscancausefailureorsubstandardperformanceoftheinstalledsystem.Unlessremovalandreuseoftheinsulationisanimportantconsideration,propertiesthatrelateprimarilytohandlingandinstallationshallbeeliminatedfromtheevaluation.Note18212;Installationassemblies:somesystemscreateconditionsthatwillaffecttheperformancefromthedataobtainedinthetestproceduresofthispractice.Thelistingofatestprocedureinthispracticedoesnotimplythattheperformanceofthatparticularprocedureisrequired.Onlythosetestswhicharerelevanttotherequirementsoftheapplicationinvolved,orwhichareagreeduponbetweenthepurchaserandthesellerarepreformed.Mostofthechangesthatoccurinthefunctionallyimportantcharacteristicsofalltypesofthermalinsulationduringserviceresultfromchangesinthematrixorbindersystemfirst,followedbychangesinthebulkfillermaterialswheresuchfillershavebeenused.Ingeneral,thesechangesaretemperature-dependentandthemajorportionofthechangetakesplacefairlyquicklyoncethecriticaltemperaturehasbeenreached.Typically,organicthermoplasticmaterialsorbinderswillchangeinthe140to240x00B0;F(60to116x00B0;C)temperaturerange.Thermosettingorganicmaterialsorbinderswillstarttodeteriorateabove350x00B0;F(177x00B0;C).Hydratedinorganicbinderssuchasclays,portlandandlumnitecements,gypsum,sodiumsilicates,oxysulfates,andoxychlorideswilllosevaryingamountsofwaterofcrystallizationattemperaturesfrom250to900x00B0;F(121to482x00B0;C)dependentonthecompoundinvolved.Glassfibersandglassfoamsmaystarttosinteraround1000x00B0;F(538x00B0;C).Rockorslagwools,perlitesandrefractoryfibersmayshowchangeattemperaturesinexcessof1300x00B0;F(704x00B0;C)dependentonspecificcomposition.If,aftertestingsamplesexposedtothemaximumservicetemperature,additionaltestsaremadeofsamplesexposedtointermediatetemperatures(thirdorquarterpointsinthefullservicetemperaturerange),theresultsofsuchtests,whenplottedwithpropercurvefittechniques,maygivesomeindicationofchangesinproductcharacteristics......